Improvement in plows



TAVNNER L NESMITH.

Y Plow. l

No. 12,838, Patented May 8,1855.

y 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lIIVIPROVEM ENT IN PLOWS.

`Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,838, dated May 8,1855.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, E. C. TAVENNER and OSCAR NESMITH, of Hamilton', inthe county of Loudoun and State' of Virginia, have invented and madecertain new and useful Improvements in the Construction ot' Plows; and

wc do-hegeby declare that the following is a full-,.clear, and exactdescription of the method Y 0f construction and mode ot' operating thesame, ref'erencebeing had to tlicaccompanying drawings, making a part ofthis specifical tion, in Whichy Figure l is a perspective vView of theplow complete: a, t ct et, the compound or solid landside-plate; b b,the lip-piece or holdfast; c, end 0f grooved rest-place; d, the front ofgrooved rest-place; e, the screw-rest; f, the tap or nut to brace orstay rod; g g, nuts and screw-bolts by which the colter. or cutter isconfined `to plow or draft beam.; h, nut and screw-bolt confining theupper end of standard to the beam ofthe plow; t1, rivets orbolt-fastenings to the mold J J J; la 7c, the fend-off or coltercleaner;L L L, the colter or cutter; m m, the tightening or brace bar; n a, theshare.

Fig. 2 shows the landsideplate detached from the plow; a* at, thestandard; a a, the

landsidef; b b, the lip-piece; c c, the grooved rest-piece; d,'thevcatchplace; 'e-e ft, screwrests; s, the toe-point; q q, heel-plate.

Fig. 3 is the share, showing the clip glrt,

` the land edge; it, bolt or screw hole.

the weight of the mold-boardJ J and the landside and standard a a ct a,a* a* ai, Fig. 2, the center line of weight being at the standard a* ai,which should be midway between the ends ofthe beam O O and end ofhelvesT T, by which arrangement, together with using a shorter beam than isordinarily used, any undue leverage, draft, or strain forward from thepoint W l is diminished, and whereby also is prevented theirregulartilting or dipping forward while in draft, as well as affordinguniformity in the depth of plowing.

The new features ot' invention presented in ourirnprovernents consist,first, in constructing a solid or compound landside and standard a a aaa* ai, Fig. 2, showing one pieceof metal,`

cast or formed in any suitable manner, and having constructed therewitha lip or bent piece, b b,and a grooved rest-place, c c, with'aholdfastplace, d, and bolt-rests 'e f?, and a flanged attachmentplate, PP, and toe point or rest s, Fig. 2. Now, the advantage of this lcompound landside and standard et a a a* a* ait, Fig. 2, over otherdevices for a similarpurpose is that by not having the mold-board J J Jcast or formed in one piece with the standard a* a* the mold-board, whenWorn out, can be replaced by a new one, attached, as described, to theoriginal standard and landside combined. Then, again,the advantageofhaving the standard c* a* a* cast on the landside part aa a a o o, Fig.2, is that a projection or lipor ange, b b, is formed or cast therewith,

this lip-piece b b answering as one of the attachment devices by whichthe mold-board J J J and the landside a c act are connecte'dand madeattachable or detachable at pleasure-a very important desideratuln,found essential by practical plowmen. Y

Another feature of our improvements is the construction of a share orwing similar. to the ordinary plowshare in general form, but hasa piececlipped out on its landside edge,h*, as at 9*, and as shown in Fig. 3.This share or wing is combined in use with the compoundstandardlandside, Fig. v2, and the clipped piece gt, Fig. 3, conforms to therecess shape at d, Fig. 2; and c c of same gureis the toe'part or restfor the share, Fig. 3, and n n, Fig. L

The advantage of our form of wing or share is that the clip or barb-likeformationl g* answers as a device for connection to landside a a a c,which connection is readilydone with out requiring bolts or rivets toconfine the win g in its piace. Thus simplicity of construe tion andfacility of attachment or detachment are produced,`together with lessexpense 'in construction, and greater strength is attained by the wingor share being confined by aid of .implement of the kind.

the catch-plate d and the being stayed by contact with the groovedrest-place or toe-plate c c, Fig. 2.

Another feature of our improvements is the construction, use, andapplication, in combination with the landside aa a, standard a* ai, andcolter L L L, of a fend-oit` or cleaner, K K, formed cf a folded pieceor a solid grooved piece of metal, conforming to the shape and lappingaround or resting on each side of the front part or edge of the colter;and connected with this fend-off or cleaner is a stayrod ortightening-bar,m m, connecting by rests c c and taps f with the standardpart a* a* a* of the landside, Fig. l.

It will be observed that the shank part L S ot' the colter L L L, Fig.1, does not pass through a mortise formed in the draft-beam O,butinstrad thereof is attached to the landside of the beam and confinedto its place by a yokestaple, Fig. 4, the screw ends of which passtransversely through the draft-beam, and are confined or held in placeby nuts or screw-taps g g, Fig. l. This arrangement of the colter admitsof graduating it either forward or backward to suit the depth ofplowing. This adjustability orgraduating of the colter is admitted ofthrough the loosening` ot' the'screwtaps g g, Fig. l, and theretightening thereof, which last operation draws theyoke-staple up sothat it clamps vor holds the shank part'L S up against the landsi'de ofthe plow-beam.

Having established the utility of our improvements the past year byactual test, we deem it unnecessary to dwell in detail description ofthe minor partsv of our improvements, and will simply state that theconstruction of our plow iuvolvesless expense, affords greater strengthin all its parts, operates with less strain or resistance in the draft,turns the soil and sod with more uniformity than any other It forlns aregular furrow, and from the manner of attaching the sharen a to themold-b'oard'J J J and landside a a, Figs. 1, 2, 3, there is 'no dangerof roots, stumps, rock, stones, or 'other natural ob- Another advantageof our improvements is that our mold-board is distinct from the landsideand standard,and thus incase of wearing out ofthe mold-board a new onecan readily be attached to the plow, which could not be done where themold-board and standard are cast together solid. Again, much time issaved and expense obviated in the mechanical arrangement, because wedispense with a separated standard and landside, which are generall yused.

In the use of our compound solid-standard landside the wearing away ofits surface is obviate'd by attaching an ordinary heel-plate, q q, totlielandside, as shown in Fig. 2. In the use of our improved plow wehave ascertained that as 'much and better plowing can be done by the aidof two horses as has heretofore been done by three with the use ot'other plows.

We do not claim the lip-piece b b, toe-piece s, or grooved rest-piece c;but

Having given as full and clear a description as is essential to amechanical and practical knowledge of the construction, use, andoperation of our plow, we will here set forth that what we claim as newand useful and of our own invention, and as entitled to the protectionof Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows, viz:

The landside-plate a a a a, in combination with the fend-oft' or cleanerK K, constructed and arranged substantially in the mannerand for thepurpose set forth.

lEDW. C. TAVENNER. OSCAR NESMITH. Witnesses:

H. N. TAVENNER, ADDISON GREAR.

